Review of Oral Probiotics and the Methods Useful in Study of Dental Biofilms and for Selection of Potential Beneficial Bacteria and Their Products for Development of Oral Probiotic

Author Info

Englerová Karolína Fedorov? Monika Gabriela ?trkolcov? Jana Ka??rov? Lauko Stanislav Madar Marian Nemcov? Radom?ra Sona Gancarcikova Sta?kov? Andrea Stykov? Eva

Corresponding Author

Madar Marian
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Komenskeho 73, Košice, Slovakia

A B S T R A C T

Colonization of the oral cavity begins immediately after birth, however, only some micro-organisms are capable of exerting their action in the oral environment. A wide range of micro-organisms is found in the oral cavity, whether commensal, facultative pathogenic or obligatory pathogenic. Their mutual ratios and numbers are considerably affected by probiotic bacteria of the oral microbiota, particularly by their products, such as bacteriocins. The probiotics most frequently living in the oral cavity include Lactobacillus reuteri, Streptococcus salivarius and Bacillus coagulans. This study is focused on oral probiotics which could improve the health of the oral cavity and prevent development of dental carries. Basic techniques, which are necessary in research of oral microbiota that could be potentially beneficial in dental microbiology, are also presented. We recommended these techniques based on our experiences in this field. In this study we describe microbiological methods for obtaining of live bacterial strains in dental plaque or dental calculus, that are used for preparation of the bacterial strains´ collection and their storage possibilities for next testing. Study also describes two sensitive molecular methods usable for identification of these bacterial strains, the first with help of 16S rRNA and next blast n analysis based on consensus DNA sequences, and the second based on MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. PCR methods for deeper characterization of selected bacterial strains e.g. pathogenic like Streptococcus mutans or potentially beneficial bacteria such as Str. salivarius and Lactobacillus spp. are also described. These methods are based on detection of genes coding production of bacteriocins or coding genes responsible for pathogenicity e.g. glucosyl or fructosyl transferaze genes. We also recommend the method for detection of hard cultivable spirochetes based on the morphological characteristics with help of VFQTOPF method and next by PCR methods used for detection of Treponema denticola in dental plaque samples.

Article Info

Article Type

Review Article

Publication history

Received: Mon 07, Jan 2019
Accepted: Mon 21, Jan 2019
Published: Thu 31, Jan 2019

Copyright

© 2023 Madar Marian. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Hosting by Science Repository.
DOI: 10.31487/j.DOBCR.2019.01.001