Ali Abdul Hussein S. AL-Janabi,
Surveillance for Early Detection of Prostate and Testicular Cancers in Immunocompetent Younger Men
Clinical Oncology and Research
2019
2613-4942
http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.COR.2019.06.12
https://www.sciencerepository.org/surveillance-for-early-detection-of-prostate-and-testicular-cancers_COR-2019-6-112 
Abstract: Aim: To early detection of prostate cancer (PC) and testicular cancer (TC) in young men by cancer
biomarkers before development to advanced stages.
Method: Sera from 810 immunocompetent young individuals was analyzed for detecting the levels of
alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as
indicators of testicular cancer and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for prostate cancer.
Result: Elevated levels of AFP, hCG, and LDH were found in 3,2, and 8 individuals respectively, but with
an insignificant value from the total number. The level of PSA was slightly elevated in two individuals.
Conclusion: Prostate cancer and testicular cancer have not been detected in volunteer men. None of
involved men had elevated levels of all of three biomarkers of testicular cancer. The PSA level was not high
enough to predict the presence of prostate cancer (PC).Keywords: Prostate cancer, testicular cancer, AFP, hCG, PSA