Case

Age/Gender

Size, cm

Side and localisation

Complication

Follow-up, mo

Strang (1962) [13]

63/F

3.0x1.0-2.0

Posterior root C2-C4

Some improvement of weakness

NED (4)

Ugarriza (2001) [14]

53/M

NA

C1-2 level bilat.

Tetraparesis, respiratory problems

NED (6)

Friedlander (2002) [15]

28/M

4.0x2.0x4.3

Carotid space/left

NA

NA

Leonardis (2003) [16]

50/M

10.0x6.8x4.0

Adjacent to the thyroid gland./left

A mild left palpebral ptosis

NA

Cannady (2005) [17]

6/F

4.0x3.3x8.3

Carotid space/right

None

NED (12)

7

NA

Carotid space /right

None

NA

Radulovi (2005) [18]

39/M

NA

C4-5 dumbbell shape/ left

Tetraparesis

NA

Uchida (2007) [1]

38/M

NA

C8 solitary/NA

None

NA

Zhang (2008) [19]

6/M

4.0x3.0

Upper neck/left

None

NED

62/F

8.0x4.0

Upper neck/left

None

NED

57/F

8.0x7.0

Neck/ right

None

NED

9/M

4.0x2.0

Neck/bilateral

None

NED

53/F

4.0x4.0

Upper neck /right

None

NED

Bisakhiya (2008) [20]

22/M

2.0x2.5x3.0

Carotid space/left

Horner´s syndrome

NA

De Bernardi (2008) [21]

2/M

NA

Carotid space/left

Horner´s syndrome

NED (130)

Pucci (2009) [22]

25/F

4.7x2.2x3.0

Carotid space/right

Horner´s syndrome

NA

Cavanaugh (2010) [23]

41/M

NA

Carotid space/left

Horner´s syndrome

NA

Kolte (2011) [24]

8/F

5.0x4.0x3.0

Neck/left

NA

NA

Mahajan (2011) [25]

7/M

7.0x5.5x5.0

Upper neck/left

NA

NA

Ma (2012) [26]

4/F

10.0x6.4x5.7

Prevertebral region/right

Myosis in the right eye

NED (18)

4.1x2.6x5.0

Paravertebral region/right

González-Aguado (2012) [27]

41/F

NA

Neck/right

Horner´s syndrome

NA

Ramani (2013) [28]

5/F

5.0x4.5x3.0

Below angle of mandible/left

None

NA

Bhadarge (2014) [29]

11/F

10.0x5.5x4.0

Sternocleidomastoid muscle region/left

None

NA

Jabbour (2015) [30]

53/M

3.2x2.5x2.2

Submandibular/left

None

NED (10)

Spinelli (2015) [31]

26/F

NA

Neck

None

NED (96)

37/F

NA

Neck

None

NED (84)

Dutta (2016) [32]

1.5/M

3.0x2.0

Upper neck/left

NA

NA

Dalmia (2016) [33]

25/M

5.0x3.0

Carotid space/left

Left vocal cord palsy

NA

Fialova (2016) [34]

26/F

4.6x2.4x1.4

Adjacent to the thyroid gland./left

Horner´s syndrome

NA

Paraskevopoulos (2017) [35]

17/F

4.0x2.5x1.0

Carotid space/left

None

NA

Kiflu (2017) [36]

7/F

5.0x7.0x3.0

Paravertebral space/left

Horner´s syndrome

NA

Misagh (2017) [37]

23/M

NA

C1-2 dumbbell shape/ left

Hemiparesis

NA

Helal (2018) [38]

10/F

15.0x6.0x5.0

Sternocleidomastoid muscle region /left

None

NED (12)

Xu (2019) [3]

12/M

4.6x1.7x1.6

Carotid space/left

Horner´s syndrome

NED (8)

Can (2019) [39]

32/F

NA

Parapharyngeal space/left

Horner´s syndrome

NED (6)

Our (2021)

38/M

2.5x1.2x1.3

C8 solitary/right

None

NED (144)