Table 2: Classification of SVC syndrome using the YALE SVC syndrome grading system [10].
|
Severity Class |
YALE Definition |
|
0 |
Asymptomatic: radiographic SVC obstruction in the absence of symptoms |
|
1 |
Mild: edema in the head or neck, cyanosis, plethora |
|
2 |
Moderate: edema in the head or neck with functional impairment |
|
3 |
Severe: mild to moderate cerebral edema, laryngeal edema, or diminished cardiac reserve |
|
4 |
Life-threatening: significant cerebral edema, laryngeal edema, or hemodynamic compromise |
|
5 |
Fatal: causing death |