Table 1: Effect of esmolol on the hemodynamic and conventional variables in intact myocardium.

 

Control

ESMOLOL

p

EDV (ml)

63.53 ± 9.01

61.08 ± 11.08

NS

ESV (ml)

30.25 ± 5.95

37.88 ± 8.97

p = 0.005

SV (ml)

33.30 ± 4.86

23.10 ± 6.40

p < 0,001

EF (%)

51.60 ± 5.03

38.15 ± 8.80

p < 0.001

CO (ml/min)

3094.40 ± 570.37

2171.85 ± 515.25

p < 0.001

LVSP (mmHg)

95.35 ± 11.96

85.34 ± 13.47

p < 0.001

LV dP/dtmax (mmHg/s)

1.36 ± 0.31

1.03 ± 0.38

p < 0.001

HR (beats/min)

94.08 ± 17.91

96.88 ± 17.78

NS

E/e΄ ratio

8.15 ± 4.22

8.91 ± 3.00

NS

EDV: LV End-Diastolic Volume (ml), ESV: LV End-Systolic Volume (ml), SV: LV Stroke Volume (ml), EF: LV Ejection Fraction (%), CO: Cardiac Output (ml/min), LVSP: LV End-Systolic Pressure (mmHg), LV dP/dtmax: the maximal rate of rise of LV Pressure according to time (mmHg/s), HR: Heart rate (beats/min), E: mitral early filling velocity (m/s), e´: early diastolic mitral annulus velocity by tissue Doppler imaging, E/e´: ratio of two velocities.

The values are averages ± standard deviation.