Table 3: Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for risk factors of overweight obesity in schoolgirls.
|
Variables |
Reference category |
Crude OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
|
household income ≥SR 10,000 § |
Ref:<SR 10000 |
0.39 (0.22 - 0.71)* |
0.29 (0.12 - 0.75)* |
|
Student pocket money >SR 5 § |
Ref: Up to SR 5 |
2.71 (1.68 - 4.37)** |
3.90 (1.80 - 8.45)** |
|
Parental obesity: no § |
Ref: Yes |
0.31 (0.15 - 0.65)* |
0.341 (0.11 - 1.09) |
|
Daily (TV) time >2 hours § |
Ref: Up to 2 hours |
5.44 (3.95 - 9.58)** |
2.77 (1.19 - 6.42)* |
|
Physical activity: Daily § |
(≤ 5 times /week: Ref) |
0.10 (0.051 - 0.21)** |
0.10 (0.04 - 0.26)** |
|
Junk food consumption: daily § |
Ref: Sometimes |
3.99 (2.34–6.78)** |
3.83 (1.74–8.44)** |
|
Daily fruit consumption: 3 or more § |
Ref: <3 |
0.44 (0.30–0.65)** |
0.45 (0.22–0.94)* |
|
Eating at a restaurant: >3 § times/week |
Ref: ≤ 3/ week |
2.28 (1.43–3.64)* |
2.66 (1.27–5.57)* |
|
Student’s food knowledge ¥ |
|
0.39 (0.31–0.48)** |
0.54 (0.28–1.07) |
|
Student’s food preference ¥ |
|
0.19 (0.138–0.27)** |
0.23 (0.09 - 0.60)* |
|
Mother’s nutritional knowledge ¥ |
|
0.47 (0.38–0.58)** |
0.48 (0.33–0.71)** |
*p-value <0.05; **p-value <0.0001; (Ref): reference group; §: adjusted for monthly household income, student pocket money, parent obesity, screen time (TV, Internet); physical activity; junk food consumption; daily fruit consumption; and eating from a restaurant. ¥: adjusted for child food knowledge, food preferences, mother’s nutritional knowledge, income, pocket money, and parent obesity.