Species

Extract/compound

In vivo model

Pharmacodynamic indicators

Refs

C. chinensis

Berberine

SW-620 and LoVo xenograft and lung metastasis

↓Tumor volume; ↓tumor foci number;

(Liu et al. 2015) [12]

Berberine

DMH and DSS-induced tumor

↓Tumor number; ↓tumor incidence;

(Wu et al. 2012) [67]

Berberine

APC Min/+ mice;

¯Polyps number and size; ↓cyclin D1, c-Myc;

(Zhang et al. 2013) [34]

Berberine

AOM and DSS-induced  tumor

↓Tumor number and size; ↓Ki-67, COX-2; ↑AMPK; ↓p-mTOR, p-p65; ↑caspase 3 cleavage;

(Li, Hua, et al. 2015) [68]

C. longa

Curcumin

C-26 xenograft; zebrafish;

¯Vascular formation; ¯tumor volume;

(Gou et al. 2011) [69]

G. lucidum

Triterpenes

HT-29 xenograft

↓Tumor volume; ↓Ki-67; ↑Beclin-1, LC-3; 

(Thyagarajan et al. 2010) [70]

H. diffusa

Ethanol extract

HT-29 xenograft

↓Tumor volume; ↓intratumoral microvessel density; ↓SHH, PTCH-1, SMO, Gli-1; ¯VEGF-A, VEGFR2;

(Lin et al. 2013) [71]

Ethanol extract

HT-29 xenograft

↓Tumor volume and weight; ↑apoptosis population; ↓PCNA; ↓p-Stat3; ↑Bax, p21; ↓Bcl-2, cyclin D1, CDK4;

(Cai et al. 2012) [72]

Aqueous extract

HCT-116 xenograft

↓Tumor volume and weight; ↑p-AMPK ;↓mTORC1; ↑p53 activation;

(Lu et al. 2016) [38]

P. quinquefolius

protopanaxadiol

HCT-116 xenograft

↓Tumor size; ↓PCNA;

(Gao et al. 2013) [12]

R. Astragali

Astragalus saponins

HT-29 xenograft

↓Tumor volume; ↓p-Akt, p-mTOR, VEGF, VEGFR1, VEGFR2; ↓COX-2;

(Law et al. 2012) [73]

Astragalus saponins

HT-29 xenograft

↓Tumor volume and weight; ↓PCNA;

(Tin et al. [39] 2007)

Astragalus saponins

HCT-116 xenograft

↓Tumor volume and weight; ↓PCNA; ↓VEGF;

(Auyeung, Law, and Ko 2014) [41]

S. miltiorrhiza

Tanshinone IIA

Colo-205 xenograft;

↓Tumor volume; ↓P-glycoprotein, LC-3 II; ↓VEGF, NF-κB p65, and MMP 7;

(Su 2012) [74]

S. baicalensis

Baicalein

AOM and DSS-induced tumor

↓Tumor number;

(Kim et al. 2013) [32]

Baicalein

HCT-116 xenograft

↓Tumor volume;

(Wang et al. 2015)

Baicalin

HCT-116 xenograft

↓Tumor volume; ↑survival rate;

(Yang et al. 2013) [75]

Z. officinale

6-gingerol

HCT-116 xenograft

↓ tumor volume; ↓ leukotriene B4; ↓leukotriene A4 hydrolase;

(Jeong et al. 2009) [76]