Table 6: Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis of the biological and clinicopathological features of prostate cancer predicting DFS in localized PCa patients.
|
Variable |
Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
||||
|
RR |
95% CI |
p value* |
RR |
95% CI |
p value |
|
|
Age (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 70.0 |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
> 70.0 |
2.25 |
0.83-6.06 |
0.109 |
|
|
|
|
PSA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 8.1 ng/mL |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
> 8.1 ng/mL |
2.85 |
1.12-7.26 |
0.027 |
2.72 |
0.99-7.49 |
0.052 |
|
AJCC Grade |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1-3 |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
4-5 |
2.67 |
0.90-7.87 |
0.074 |
|
|
|
|
Clinical stage |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cT1-2 |
1.00 |
Reference |
0.104 |
|
|
|
|
cT3-4 |
1.97 |
0.87-4.48 |
|
|
|
|
|
Pathological stage |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pT1-2 |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
pT3-4 |
4.13 |
1.53-11.15 |
0.005 |
|
|
|
|
Radical surgery |
|
|
|
|
||
|
yes |
0.51 |
0.23-1.17 |
0.111 |
0.12 |
0.03 – 0.56 |
0.007 |
|
no |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
Hist-pat surgical margines |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
negative |
0.90 |
0.39-2.07 |
0.817 |
0.09 |
0.02 – 0.48 |
0.005 |
|
positive |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
Seminal vesicle(s) invasion |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
negative |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
positive |
2.57 |
1.09-6.06 |
0.013 |
|
|
|
|
Adjuvant treatment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
no |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
yes |
2.77 |
1.17-6.55 |
0.020 |
3.43 |
1.26-9.35 |
0.016 |
|
Ki-67LI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 12.8 % |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
> 12.8 % |
2.86 |
1.12-7.25 |
0.027 |
|
|
|
|
GLUT-1LI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 16.0 % |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
> 16.0 % |
2.40 |
0.89-6.47 |
0.083 |
|
|
|
|
VEGF LI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 16.0 % |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
> 16.0 % |
0.61 |
0.25-1.50 |
0.282 |
|
|
|
|
MVD |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 81.8/mm2 |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
> 81.8/mm2 |
0.60 |
0.26-1.38 |
0.228 |
|
|
|
|
PSMA LI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 48.3 % |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
> 49.3 % |
1.84 |
0.81-4.20 |
0.147 |
|
|
|
|
hTERT LI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 43.8 % |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
> 43.8 % |
0.48 |
0.21-1.10 |
0.083 |
|
|
|
RR: risk ratio, CI: confidence interval.