Table 3: Cox proportional hazards analysis of the biological and clinicopathological features of prostate cancer predicting OS in localized PCa patients.
|
Variable |
Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
||||
|
RR |
95% CI |
p value* |
RR |
95% CI |
p value |
|
|
Age (years) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 59.0 |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
> 59.0 |
1.33 |
0.72-2.44 |
0.356 |
|
|
|
|
PSA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 9.2 ng/mL |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
> 9.2 ng/mL |
1.37 |
0.81-2.33 |
0.239 |
|
|
|
|
AJCC Grade |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1-3 |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
1.55 |
0.66-3.61 |
0.313 |
|
|
|
|
Clinical stage |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cT1-2 |
1.00 |
Reference |
0.363 |
|
|
|
|
cT3-4 |
1.28 |
0.75-2.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
Pathological stage |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pT1-2 |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
pT3-4 |
1.28 |
0.75-2.19 |
0.357 |
|
|
|
|
Radical surgery |
|
|
|
|
||
|
yes |
0.70 |
0.41-1.19 |
0.186 |
|
|
|
|
no |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
Hist-pat surgical margins |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
negative |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
positive |
1.16 |
0.68-1.97 |
0.590 |
|
|
|
|
Seminal vesicle(s) invasion |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
negative |
0.92 |
0.45-1.89 |
0.833 |
|
|
|
|
positive |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
Adjuvant treatment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
no |
1.00 |
Reference |
0.078 |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
yes |
0.61 |
0.35-1.06 |
|
0.48 |
0.27-0.86 |
0.013 |
|
Ki-67LI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 6.7 % |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
> 6.7 % |
1.58 |
0.93-2.68 |
0.089 |
2.04 |
1.18-3.54 |
0.010 |
|
GLUT-1LI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 1.4 % |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
> 1.4 % |
2.78 |
1.00-7.73 |
0.049 |
|
|
|
|
VEGF LI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 16.3 % |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
> 16.3 % |
0.63 |
0.36-1.12 |
0.119 |
|
|
|
|
MVD |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 84.2/mm2 |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
|
|
|
> 84.2/mm2 |
1.23 |
0.69-2.21 |
0.470 |
|
|
|
|
PSMA LI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 51.7 % |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
> 51.7 % |
0.47 |
0.26-0.87 |
0.016 |
0.43 |
0.23-0.81 |
0.009 |
|
hTERT LI |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤ 20.5 % |
1.00 |
Reference |
|
1.00 |
Reference |
|
|
> 20.5% |
0.49 |
0.27-0.91 |
0.023 |
0.39 |
0.21-0.75 |
0.004 |
RR: risk ratio, CI: confidence interval.