Surgical group

One-step

Two-step A

(without TTT)

Two-step B

(with TTT)

Three-step

P^#

Maximal tumor size (cm)

Length of esophageal invasion (cm)

Proximal margin (cm)

Distal margin (cm)

Length of excised mediastinal organs (cm)

(n = 16)

4.3±2.9

0.9±0.5

2.1.±1.6

11.5±5.9

2.3±1.4

(n = 8)

4.4±1.9

2.6±1.4

2.9±1.5

14.3±7.9

4.3±2.1

(n = 13)

4.6±2.9

4.0±1.6

2.9±1.8

9.8±4.2

8.1±3.2

(n = 9)

3.2±1.9

3.2±0.9

3.5±1.4

10.6±6.6

6.7±1.9

0.6583

<0.0001

0.2279

0.6168

<0.0001